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Joy in the Present
      

9th October 2007 | Draft

Just Who's Afraid of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad?

commentary on speech by the President of Iran to the UN General Assembly


On 25th September 2007, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran, addressed the 62nd UN General Assembly in New York at a time when there was every expectation that Iran would be subject to an imminent tactical nuclear strike. Live coverage of his whole speech was provided on CNN. It followed a controversial, and widely publicized, question and answer session at Columbia University (Ahmadinejad speaks; outrage and controversy follow, CNN, 24 September 2007; Jesse Walker, Who's Afraid of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad? After all the trembling, the Iranian president got a bruising instead of a boost, Reason Magazine, 25 September 2007).

[NB The fact that the main title of the latter commentary was identical with that of earlier drafts of this commentary (on a different meeting) is purely coincidental, although it is obviously the similarity of the situations that evoked the choice, but with quite different intents. The title of this commentary was then distinguished by prefixing it with "Just", as a consequence of the manner in which a major search engine appeared suddenly to manipulate its relative rankings of the two commentaries -- possibly as a consequence of pressure regarding the contents of what follows. It is necessarily unclear to what pressures search engines are responsive -- especially on political issues which may affect their revenue stream]

Despite the content of his UN address, and speculation regarding such an attack, there was almost no media coverage immediately thereafter -- creating an impression of deliberate cover-up. Various websites subsequently carried versions of the full text (Global Security.org; Washington Post). At the time of writing there appears to be little commentary on the serious issues he raised -- other than to question his integrity and sanity (Iranian madman Mahmoud Ahmadinejad walks among us, Daily News, 24 September 2007)

Given the current dramatic state of an increasingly faith-based world, it is appropriate to compare the born again George Bush -- who would order the strike -- with the equally religious Mahmoud Ahmadinejad whose defence is argued below (Amil Imani, Who is Mahmoud Ahmadinejad? American Thinker, 3 October 2007). Both attest to a privileged communication with the divine. It is indeed that which concerns some American observers (Iran leader's U.N. finale reveals apocalyptic view; Iran prepares people for 'messiah miracles': Government broadcasts series on imminent appearance of apocalyptic Islamic 'Mahdi'; Iran leader's messianic end-times mission), just as others are concerned by undeclared faith-based agendas on the part of the country in possession of most nuclear weaponry. As noted, from an earlier interview with an Iranian editorialist, cited in the Christian Science Monitor:

"Bush said: 'God said to me, attack Afghanistan and attack Iraq.' The mentality of Mr. Bush and Mr. Ahmadinejad is the same here -- both think God tells them what to do," says Mr. Mohebian, noting that end-of-time beliefs have similar roots in Christian and Muslim theology. (Scott Peterson, Waiting for Rapture in Iran, 21 December 2005)

In what follows the official Iranian version of Ahmadinejad's speech is reproduced with a series of comments interspersed in italics (note also the official UN version, not initially available). The format of the text has been slightly modified to improve readability (notably by occasional use of bullet points; spelling and grammar are as in the original). The purpose of the exercise, in supplying the commentary, is to highlight issues raised by the leader of a country that may be shortly, and uniquely, subject to nuclear attack -- irrespective of how such an attack may be finally justified. As the commentary shows, this does not imply agreement with the points made in the address.

The following pointers to the well-structured contents of the address have been added for convenience.

Predicaments and challenges
   1. Organized attempts to tear down the institution of family and to reduce the status of women
   2. Widespread violations of human rights, terrorism and occupation
   3. Aggressions against indigenous cultures and national values
   4. Poverty, illiteracy, health deprivation and gap between the poor and the rich
   5. Ignoring noble values and promotion of deception and lies
   6. Violations of rules of international law and disrespect of commitments
   7. Escalation of threats and arms race
   8. Inefficacy of international mechanism to prevail over these challenges and to bring durable peace and security
Roots and causes of the challenges
   1. Relations arising from the consequences of World War II: operation of the UN Security Council
   2. Disregard of morals and divine values by some big powers
Proposal
   Establishment of a Coalition for Peace -- a faith-based, monotheistic alliance
Implications
   Nuclear issue of Iran
   Governance and leadership
Prediction and promise

In the Name of God, the Almighty

"Oh God, hasten the arrival of Imam Al-Mahdi and grant him good health and victory and make us his followers and those who attest to his rightfulness"

Mr. Chairman, Honorable Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I am pleased and grateful to the Almighty to have the opportunity once again to attend this important universal forum.

Comment: Whilst any such preface might be cause for reservations in the primarily secular mode of discourse within the international community, it is striking to compare it with the fairly similar appeals made by the faith-based leadership of the Coalition of the Willing and most notably by American politicians. Indeed, just as in Islamic cultures, those in America consider it increasingly appropriate to make such references when interacting with their supporters. However it is relevant to note that the language used to that end in Islamic cultures has far more poetic resonances than the simple binary form that is common in the West. It is also characteristic that the American version is primarily of the form "God Bless America" in contrast with the more generic Islamic phrasing.

What is striking under the circumstances, with the immediate threat of a nuclear strike, is the formal recognition in a UN arena of a universal transcendental context -- presumably in some measure common to faith-based cultures, whether potential attacker or probable victim thereof.

Given that the clashing Abrahamic cultures hold so profoundly to their respective understandings of this transcendental reality, how is it that immeasurably greater resources are devoted by each to the design and use of weaponry in defence of their particular understanding -- in comparison with the paucity of resources devoted to clarifying the mystery of why the mysterious nature of that reality should be so variously understood, notably by others?

How different is the nature and origin of the misunderstanding that has violently separated over centuries: Sunni from Shiite, Catholic from Protestant, Orthodox from non-Orthodox Jews -- as compared to that separating Islam from Christianity, and either from Judaism, also over centuries? References to an omniscient Almighty must surely hold these violence-engendering differences, in the Name of God, to arise from limitations of human misunderstanding, especially amongst the Abrahamic religions -- the "People of the Book" -- living as they do in expectation of an integrative fulfillment of divine prophecy.

It is appropriate to compare the unique invocation of the prophesied Imam Al-Mahdi, in a formal international arena, with analogous expectations associated with prophecies in the other Abrahamic religions, the Messiah of Judaism and the Messiah of Christianity. It would be a grave mistake to fail to recognize the determining influence of such expectations on governmental policies, notably on the leadership of the Coalition of the Willing in invading Iraq. It is however curious that believers in such prophecies should find no other basis for dialogue than the use of weapons, and especially nuclear weapons.

In the present tumultuous world and predominance of loud outcries, threats and tensions, and in the time:

  • when the big powers are unable to solve the present problems, (an unquestionable fact)
  • when mistrust in regional and international arenas is on the rise, (an unquestionable fact)
  • when psychological security of societies is being targeted by an onslaught of political and propaganda designs, (an assertion which many would consider reasonable, however "propaganda" is to be understood)
  • and disappointment prevails over efficacy of policies and actions of the international organizations in establishing of durable peace and security, (an unquestionable fact, despite efforts to focus the media on "positive" achievements and vigorously to deny the accumulation over many years of evidence to the contrary)
  • and the protection of human rights is being weakened, (an unquestionable fact)

I plan to touch upon and explain the roots and ways out of these predicaments and some of the principal challenges facing our world.

Comment: Such a preamble surely sets a context which justifies attention to what follows, if only in that respect is due to a culture that may well be deliberately destroyed beyond recovery by nuclear attack -- recently described in the case of a neighbouring country as a threat of being "bombed back to the Stone Age".

Can the significant absence of representatives of the USA and Israel during the speech, as highlighted by the media, be considered other than evidence that the case had been prejudged? Do advocates for the prosecution -- demanding immediate execution -- leave the courtroom when those for the defence make their final case? Or is it that directly publicizing the plea worldwide to "we the peoples", through media such as CNN, makes physical presence at the UN "court" unnecessary? What behaviour in such a final court of appeal is to be considered a mark of uncivilization and backsliding to barbarism? Does this reflect the very same logic whereby a civilized democracy indulges in secret tribunals uncluttered by substantiated appeals from the defendants?

I will also speak to you about:

  • the need for amending the present situation,
  • prospects for brighter and more hopeful future,
  • and about the reappearance of the sublime and beauty, kindness and dignity, justice and blossoming of all divine human talents and dominance of love of God and realization of the promise of God as stated by of all divine prophets and righteous men.

Comment: Again this points to the possibility of the kind of future to which most would aspire.

I will then put to your judgment the nuclear issue of Iran as a reality and testing ground for measurement of honesty, efficacy, steadfastness and victories. In the closing part of my address, I will offer my proposals.

Comment: This issue, with the immediate threat of nuclear attack, provides a degree of immediate urgency greater than most other issues currently the subject of debate and procrastination within the international community. The unforeseen consequences and possible multiplier effects of such an attack are dimensions of which historians are well aware -- World War I, as triggered by a simple targeted assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, is a classic example. More technically these have been recognized under various names (from the "butterfly effect" to the "Black Swan" effect)

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

As you are all aware we are presently facing important, numerous and diverse challenges that I will refer to some of them.

1. Organized attempts to tear down the institution of family and to reduce the status of women

Family is the most sacred and valuable human institution that serves as the center of the purest mutual love and affection of mothers, fathers and children, and a safe environment for the upbringing and cultivating human generations, and a fertile ground for blossoming of sentiments and emotions. This institution has always been respected by all nationalities, religions of cultures.

Comment: This view, as implied, is just as strongly held by Christian fundamentalists who might well choose the same phrases to articulate their focus on family values. Indeed it is a view held by fundamentalists of other religious persuasion. Curiously however it would be the fundamentalists of two of the Abrahamic religions who would most strongly support any nuclear strike by the Coalition of the Willing on Iran -- with the predictable impact on thousands, if not millions, of family relationships. One might ask whether this reference was cynically given this importance as a skillful ploy -- and yet it remains a fact that all Abrahamic religions indeed hold family values to be of fundamental importance, whether or not there is any hypocrisy in that assertion by politicians.

Today we are witnessing an organized invasion by the enemies of humanity and plunderers to tear down this genuine institution. They target this noble institution by promoting lewdness, violence and breaking the boundaries of chastity and decency.

Comment: Again this is a view that it is held by many in all cultures. The debate is a vigorous one with both sides counting among their strongest advocates those with other undeclared agendas that might be considered far more suspect and worrying. "Family values" may indeed also be used as a form of "human shield" by those advancing far more dubious and destructive causes.

The argument also (deliberately) obscures the problematic current attitude of Islam to homosexuals, notably in Iran. How easy it is to fail to recall the degree to which this attitude is shared by fundamentalists of the other Abrahamic religions -- and most vociferously (and even violently) in the USA? And how much more easy is it to fail to recognize how widely this attitude has been held in "developed countries" until very recently?

Why is it expected that the development of every culture should be in lock step timing with the recent human rights "discoveries" of those who claim moral superiority -- following their complicity in the unique level of human slaughter in the first half of the 20th century? What allowance is made for the stage of socio-economic development of such cultures and for the processes and forces which have inhibited their development to a more enlightened level? Do countries and cultures have every right to indulge in the human rights practices appropriate to the degree of development at which they have been sustained, or to which they have been reduced? What practices could be reasonably expected of a country that had been "bombed back to the Stone Age"?

The intolerance of homosexuality by Islam is especially highlighted by the execution in Iran of those who offend against faith-based edicts. Curiously, in the media, it has been possible to dissociate such condemnation of homosexuals from the capital punishment to which they are then subjected -- a form of punishment widely practiced and defended in the USA, although abhorred in many civilized countries to a far higher degree than homosexuality.

The precious existence of women as the expression of divine beauty and peak of kindness, affection and purity has been the target of heavy exploitation over the past recent decades by the holders of powers and owners of media and wealth. In some societies, this beloved creature has been reduced to mere instruments of publicity and all boundaries and protective shields of chastity, purity and beauty have been trampled. This is a colossal betrayal of human society, of succeeding generations, and an irreparable blow on the social coherence.

Comment: As such, and allowing for cultural differences, this statement would be one which might easily be shared by feminist campaigners in the most advanced "developed" countries. It can of course be readily argued that it (deliberately) disguises the many issues relating to the particular institutionalized treatment of women within Islamic cultures, and in this case Iran. But before assuming an unwarranted degree of self-righteousness, it is important for critics to recognize the extent to which -- despite legislative measures -- equality between men and women is far from having been completely achieved in most "developed" societies, if only in terms of remuneration. All the Abrahamic religions continue to justify practices that restrict or constrain the role of women; this is notably the case in certain Christian and Jewish sects.

It is ironic to note, for example, the role of male-only clubs and secret societies (such as the freemasons) with respect to the leadership of countries that claim to be models of democracy. It is also appropriate to recognize the extent of harassment of women by men in such model societies. Whether the most appropriate technology or not, the use of the veil inhibits such harassment and reduces the need for women to arm themselves against violent attacks -- as in some of the most developed countries.

There are curious dynamics and contradictions in deliberately associating "freedom" in a democratic society with the right to physical self-exposure in public, however it is curtailed by ordinances regarding "public decency" or "appropriate clothing" -- as for participants in the UN General Assembly, for example. This "right" has now been extended into an obligation to expose the face at all times to ensure appropriate visibility to omnipresent security cameras -- as a means of protecting "freedom". And yet in the missionary activity of all Abrahamic faiths, covering the body is a requirement -- until recently epitomized by efforts to ensure that traditionally uncovered indigenous women were obliged to wear brassieres (subsequently considered symbolic of a constraint on "freedom").

Are there not strange symmetries that merit exploration before focusing narrowly on a particular case in a particular historical period -- before seeking to bomb women out of their burkhas and into bikinis, supposedly in their best interests? Again associating universal human rights with current fashions obscures issues regarding norms of supposedly "civilized" societies in decades past -- and the rights of societies to manage such controversial issues independently of the whims of the fashion industry of particular cultures that aggressively claim universality.

2. Widespread violations of human rights, terrorism and occupation

Unfortunately human rights are being extensively violated by certain powers, especially by those who pretend to be their exclusive advocates:

  • setting up clandestine prisons, abductions, trials and secret punishments without any regard to due process,
  • listening on telephone conversations,
  • opening private letters and
  • frequent summons to police and security centers

have become commonplace and prevalent.

Comment: These phenomena are all well-documented by international human rights organizations as well as those of developed countries

[Furthermore:]

  • They prosecute scientists and historians for stating their opinions on important global issues.

    • Comment: This assertion surely merits the most careful consideration by the international community. Given the problematic hyperdefensive attitude to whistleblowers, and the degree of cover-up regarding issues endangering communities on a smaller scale and humanity on a larger scale, is it the case that human society is operating at a much higher level of risk than is widely recognized? To what extent is the huge quantity of classified information an indication of the probable dimensions of this misunderstanding?

      This point (deliberately) disguises the controversial questions raised regarding Iran's call for "further research" on the Holocaust. Curiously those objecting to any further research have not the slightest difficulty in accepting continuing research on the historical evidence for the origins of their own faith. At what point does "re-search" become a threat and why? If there is nothing new to be discovered why object to allocation of resources to the matter? Or is it the case that some matters are beyond question and must necessarily be accepted as an article of faith for all time? This would be curious given the quantity of research undertaken on the Holocaust by documentalists to present its horrors in a new light -- in the movies promoted by the so-called Holocaust industry.

  • They are using different alibis to occupy sovereign nations and cause chaos and divisions, and then use the prevailing situation as an excuse to continue their occupation.

    • Comment: Again is it not appropriate that more attention be given to the degree of subterfuge and game-playing associated with the dynamics of the international community? Given the credibility cultivated by frequent movie portrayals of rogue government agency initiatives, and the documented and anecdotal evidence of "false flag" operations, should such assertions not be considered with greater objectivity?

      Striking examples are the emergence of evidence regarding systems of illegal rendition, secret prisons, state-sanctioned torture and covert electronic surveillance -- all with the complicity of permanent members of the UN Security Council -- and as debated by the European Parliament (but not by the United Nations). Who has the authority to challenge evidence presented by supposedly trustworthy authorities -- as was the case with presentations to the UN Security Council, by a permanent member, "confirming" the existence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq?

  • For more than sixty years, Palestine, as compensation of the loss they incurred in the war in Europe, has been under occupation of the illegal Zionist regime.
    • Their people have been displaced or are under heavy military pressure, economic siege or are incarcerated under abhorrent conditions. (an unquestionable fact?)
    • The occupiers are protected and praised, while innocent people of Palestine are subjected to political, military and propaganda onslaughts. (an unquestionable fact?)
    • The people of Palestine are deprived of water, electricity and medicine for the sin of asking for freedom, and their government that has come from the votes of the people is targeted. (an unquestionable fact?)
    • Terrorists are being organized to attack the lives and property of people, under auspices of politicians and military officials of the big powers. (a questionable fact?)
    • The brutal Zionists carry out targeted assassinations of Palestinians in their homes and cities, and terrorists receive medals of peace and support from the big powers. (a questionable fact?)
    • On the other hand they gather a number of deprived Jewish people with false propagation under pretext of providing them with welfare, job and food from different parts of the world and settle them in the occupied territories and exposed them to harshest restrictions, psychological pressures and constant threat. (an unquestionable fact?)
    • They prevent these deprived people to return to their main lands and by use of force and false propagation make them show their hatred towards indigenous Palestinian people. (a questionable fact?)

Comment: Sadly the international community has discovered no means of debating such matters (preferably in the light of "further research") other than through a continuing pattern of simplistic binary assertion and denial -- appropriately matched by unending cycles of violence through which bullets continue to be pumped into human bodies.

Ironically whereas technological innovation with respect to destructive weaponry proceeds at great pace in support of such cycles, the capacity for innovative imaginative thinking with respect to dialogue and strategic options to break out of such cycles is virtually stagnant -- despite dubious claims to the contrary in which the UN has long been complicit.

The above statement of course (deliberately) avoids reference to Iran's position on the right of existence of the State of Israel. However it might be argued that it is the total lack of investment in imaginative thinking regarding resolution of this issue which should be the larger concern on the debating tables of the international community. Why is the focus so narrow at a time when, for example, arguments are urgently made for imaginative reflection on technical solutions to the challenges of climate change? Where is the catalogue of possibilities, speculative or otherwise, for creative exploration of the matter? How have most options been designed off the negotiating tables? In whose interest?

Is this another case where "further research" is framed as threatening to the status quo -- however many continue to suffer from it for the benefit of others?

Iraq was occupied under the pretext of overthrow of a dictator and existence of weapons of mass destruction. The Iraqi dictator who had been supported by the same occupiers was disposed of, and no weapons were discovered, but occupation continues under different excuses. No day passes without people being killed, wounded or displaced, and occupiers not only refuse to be accountable and ashamed, but speak in a report of a new market for their armaments as the result of their military venture. They even oppose the constitution, national assembly and the government arising from the votes of the people, while do not even have the courage to declare their defeat and exit Iraq.

Comment: Such points were emphatically denied immediately after 9/11, and were even considered to be treasonous on the part of those advancing them, although they are now a common feature of political debate -- even within the USA.

How was the critical capacity of supposedly intelligent, civilized peoples so successfully numbed in this way? Can the process be repeated?

Unfortunately we are witnessing this bitter truth that some powers do not put value on any nation or human beings, and the only things that matters to them are themselves, their parties and groups. In their view, human rights are tantamount to profits for their companies and friends. The rights and the good name of American people are also being sacrificed for the selfish desires of those holding power.

Comment: These challenging points merit careful discussion. It is of course to be expected that such points would be made by the representative of a country under immediate threat of a nuclear attack and disruption to its whole society. How might it be appropriate to debate such issues to determine the degree or circumstances of their validity, if any? It is of course appropriate to note that such arguments have long been advanced as part of political discourse within western societies. They have also been advanced within the United Nations by developing countries, notably in support of those not yet independent or subsequently exploited.

How have such dissenting views been so successfully repressed and in whose interests? Why has the United Nations been complicit in this process?

3. Aggressions against indigenous cultures and national values

Culture is the expression of identity and the key to survival of nations and the foundation for their interaction with others. In an organized movement, indigenous cultures that are messengers of monotheism, love and fraternity are being subjected to broad and destructive aggressions. National customs and values are humiliated and self-esteem and character of nations are ridiculed and defamed.

Comment: These assertions are a dimension of the continuing tragedy of global society. Again how might it be appropriate to debate such issues to determine the degree or circumstances of their validity? What actions might be possible or appropriate to counter such tendencies? How might those actions be negatively framed by their opponents -- under the guise of enlightened promotion of democracy and freedom?

The statement introduces the primacy of monotheism without clarifying its scope -- but with the implication that it is uniquely, if not solely, characterized by the Abrahamic religions that have been so fundamental to bloody conflict down the centuries -- all in the name of love, fraternity and the fulfillment of divine will.

The statement unfortunately fails to address the extent to which the customs and values of cultures imbued by non-Abrahamic faiths have been humiliated, ridiculed and defamed by the agents of Abrahamic cultures. It is however extremely interesting as an implied proposal to unite the Abrahamic faiths in opposition to others framed as unbelievers in a particular monotheistic worldview. It is also unfortunate that it does not envisage that the integrative coherence of many such other faiths may be an understanding, through a different "way of knowing", of what the statement assumes is uniquely characteristic of monotheism. Why not envisage the need for "further research" to understand the coherence of any such other view in response to the complexity of human experience and the mystery of creation?

The purpose is to promote blind emulations, consumerism, skeptism toward God and human values, and plundering of their wealth by big powers.

Comment: Again these assertions are not unusual, but it is to be appreciated that they have been advanced for discussion in the arena of the United Nations General Assembly by a nation that is already under threat of attack and therefore is past the point of needing, like its peers, to be more circumspect in order to curry favour with those big powers. The degree of "straight-talking" in the address is unusual for an intergovernmental arena. Why?

What kind of debate might be possible if such pressures to conform to a dominant worldview were not so omnipresent?

4. Poverty, illiteracy, health deprivation and gap between the poor and the rich

While a major part of the natural environment in Asia, Africa and Latin America is being plundered by political and economic domination of certain powers.

Comment: These assertions have long been made with supporting documentation by respected political constituencies -- even in countries considered to be models of democracy.

The situation of poverty and deprivation is very alarming. These are some of numbers by the United Nations:

  • Every day close to 800 million people go to bed hungry and about 980 million suffer from absolute poverty, with less than one dollar a day in purchasing power.
  • People of 31 countries, equivalent to 9 percent of the world’s population, have an average life expectancy equaling to 46 years, which is 32 years less than the average of some countries.
  • Ratio between the rich and the poor in some parts of the world is 40 times.
  • In some countries, majority of people are deprived of access to education and schooling.
  • In many developing countries the maternal mortality rate during pregnancy is 450 per 100,000. This ratio is 7 in the richer nations and the ratio of mortality of new births is 59 for developing countries and 6 for the richer nations.
  • One-third of mortality in the world, or 50,000 daily, results from poverty.

I believe these numbers clearly demonstrate the tragic situation prevailing over the global economy.

Comment: Why does the international community not focus more effectively on such concrete issues -- rather than on supporting questionably justified military intervention generating widespread social disruption, suffering and death?

To what extent would have the level of resources allocated to military intervention by the Coalition of the Willing achieved significant amelioration of the conditions described above? Or, given its token efforts to do so over decades, why does the international community not assess the reasons for its failure to achieve significant remedies in a situation which continues to deteriorate -- despite the dangerous optimism of "hope-mongers"?

Typically the statement fails to recognize the extent to which these problems, and the associated suffering and death, are primarily engendered by the doctrines of the Abrahamic faiths -- in support of ever increasing population. The possibility that fewer people would mean fewer problems has been deliberately designed out of any debate by processes in which the Abrahamic religions have been totally complicit.

5. Ignoring noble values and promotion of deception and lies.

Some powers sacrifice all human values including honesty, purity and trust for the advancement of their goals. They propagate skepticism and deception in the relations between states and peoples. They lie openly, level baseless charges against others, act contrary to legal norms and damage the climate of trust and friendship. They openly abandon morality and noble values in their relations with others, and substitute selfishness, supremacy, enmity and imposition for justice, respect for others, love, affection and honesty.

Comment: Again these challenging points merit careful discussion. By what arguments are these accusations to be defended and in what arena? Again it is of course to be expected that such points would be made by the representative of a country under immediate threat of a nuclear attack and disruption to its whole society. How might it be appropriate to debate such issues to determine the degree or circumstances of their validity? It is of course appropriate to note that such arguments have been advanced as part of political discourse within western societies.

With respect to lying, how is it that those at the very highest level, who have been proven to be liars on matters which have cost the lives of many thousands, continue to be valued by faith-based communities that claim to abhor lying and slaughter? How is that those rejected from leadership of their countries for this reason are then appointed to positions of confidence to mediate in complex situations which have suffered endlessly from lying on all sides?

But there would also be those who would reframe the address by a leader of Iran as an example of lying in its own right, irrespective of the merit of some of the points made. The "People of the Book" have all been warned about the silver-tongued skills of oratory of those who would lead them astray. In whom should they have faith? By what acts should they be judged?

Is repeated engagement in the slaughter of others one such criteria -- whilst claiming to abhor the necessity of it? But then have the Abrahamic religions not distinguished themselves by their enthusiasm for such slaughter down the centuries?

It would have been helpful had the speaker also made reference to the tendency of everyone to lie to themselves -- deceiving themselves in some measure regarding issues they have every right to believe are fundamental.

They sacrifice all the good things of life and the sublime for their own greed.

Comment: It is curious that, at the time of the address to the General Assembly, a recently-retired chairman of the board of governors of the US Federal Reserve should confirm that the intervention in Iraq was indeed "only about oil" -- as many had long argued.

6. Violations of rules of international law and disrespect of commitments

Some who were themselves the drafters of international law openly and easily violate them and apply discriminatory policies and double standards.

Comment: Is there not a case for the UN to document the existence of discriminatory policies and double standards, if such is the case? Why has it failed to do so?

They drafted disarmament regulations, but every day test and stockpile new generations of lethal weapons.

Comment: This is undisputed. But curiously the information seldom figures in international debate -- nor the manner in which the hypocrisy is justified.

They framed the Charter of the United Nations, but show disrespect to the right of self-determination and independence of sovereign nations. They conveniently abrogate their formal treaties, and do not yield to laws concerning protection of environment. Most of the violations of international obligations are done by few global powers.

Comment: Subsequent to the address, why were such assertions not the subject of immediate media coverage? Is it that they are so ridiculous? Or is it that their degree of truth is such that widespread cover-up was encouraged by those with capacity to influence media coverage -- even amongst the quality newspapers? More surprising, but perhaps predictable and indicative, was the extent to which the speaker was framed by commentators as mentally deranged.

Again it is the case that arguments in support of such points have been well-developed by respected and well-informed authorities.

7. Escalation of threats and arms race

Some powers, whenever their logic fails, simply use the language of threat.

Comment: This assertion is surely worthy of careful debate, whether or not it is true. However, if it is true in the case of individuals and of smaller groups, why should it not be true in the case of countries, cultures and civilizations? Whilst the language of threat is evident, how does failure of logic manifest? As fear of engaging in dialogue? Is this an early indicator of cultural collapse?

The heavy arms race cast the shadow of threat over the globe. The nations of Europe were the victims of two world wars and a number of other devastating conflicts and were subjected to the consequences of the Cold War for many decades. Today Europeans are living under the shadow of threat, and their interests, security and lands are endangered under shadow of the arms race imposed by certain big powers.

A bullying power allows itself the right to set up a missile system, makes the life of the peoples of a continent bitter and lays the ground for arms race.

Comment: This is surely fair comment. It has been made by countries within the region.

Some rulers who superficially appear to be powerful act as a child that has acquired a plastic water gun and feels powerful power and starts shooting impatiently at all things and at all times, threaten others and cast the shadow of insecurity over nations and regions.

Comment: The larger issue raised by this assertion is the real nature of power and why it is so readily associated with more and more sophisticated weaponry -- when history is marked by a long succession of collapsing cultures and civilizations distinguished by such overriding power.

The issue is made especially curious when such forms of power are championed by those in faith-based cultures who are supposedly convinced of their belief in a higher power. There is a certain irony to the implication that the strength of their belief in this higher power is thereby demonstrated to be inversely proportional to their apparent dependence on physical power -- in marked contrast to the beliefs of early Christian martyrs. Or is this dependence to be considered their real measure of the real weakness of the higher power that they so readily claim to be "almighty"?

8. Inefficacy of international mechanism to prevail over these challenges and to bring durable peace and security.

International organizations and mechanisms clearly lack the capacity to overcome problems and challenges, to put in place fair and just relations and peace, fraternity and security. There is hardly any government or nation that places much hope on